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The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), established in 1958 and based in Arlington, Virginia, is a United States Department of Defense (DoD) organization that handles applied research and development projects for the DoD. The agency focuses on developing technologies that can optimize military missions. The organization has an annual budget of approximately $2 billion. It employs contractors to manage projects. DARPA is the original developer of stealth aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), Global Positioning System (GPS), and Internet technologies. The agency is conducting new research into self-defending network, chip-scale atomic clock, biological warfare defense, alternative energy, prosthetics, real-time language translation, and other technologies. DARPA's Service Chiefs Program, operated in alliance with the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), supports the transition of new technologies to end users. The agency also works with the U.S. Special Operations Command, based in Tampa, Florida, in distributing new technologies to Special Forces personnel.
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