Spam, or unwanted, unsolicited commercial e-mail messages, can be a vehicle for phishing attacks, security breaches and other problems. Some current trends in fighting security vulnerabilities include e-mail cloud security, cryptographic signatures, merging data-leak prevention with e-mail systems, updates in key management and encryption technologies and other advances. Anti-spam services like Barracuda Networks are employing multilayered defenses, or Sendmails anti-spam cocktail, which uses a barrage of tests that identify risky elements within an e-mail message. Some services delay mail from nodes that are believed to be sending spam, or they choke off available bandwidth until all risks are assessed. Many security services perform a broad analysis of e-mail, examining thousands of elements of a message and comparing them to those of millions of other messages to pinpoint common spam attributes. Cloud computing can deliver security as a service, which is now being used by Googles Postini service. Postinis online service allows a company to sign up and route its e-mail though Postini for e-mail protection in about 15 minutes. The cloud computing model is not limited to online services; e-mail security appliances like those offered by Sendmail, Barracuda and Ciscos IronPort are using them as well. Widespread e-mail encryption is a seamless way to protect all data in transit, but it requires establishing partnerships that will work with SMTP-TLS. All of these methods are clearly just one link in the chain of e-mail security; the more methods that can be employed together, the better results for a company.