Several companies and individuals are coming up with their respective initiatives to reduce carbon emission through the use of broadband Internet technology. In a bid to make the Internet carbon-neutral, a number of 'demand-response' schemes are being promoted among consumers to reduce energy consumption. These Internet-enabled capabilities include distance learning, teleconferencing, e-commerce and telecommuting. Vinod Khosla and John Doerr of Kleiner Perkins are considered legends in Silicon Valley as they channel their money into different technologies such as wind farms and solar power. There is also Google's planned construction of renewable-energy facilities to come up with a 1-gigawatt energy, much cheaper than coal. Nonprofit Canarie, which concentrates on Canadian advanced Internet development, proposes to cut energy consumption of routers and servers. It also seeks to give incentives to people and organizations that would adopt 'bits-and-bandwidth for carbon' trading schemes. Under these schemes, any company or individual that agrees to cut carbon emission would be given free downloadable films and music or discounted broadband connection rates. Companies such as Energy Network Operations Center (EnerNOC) are monitoring price fluctuations, grid events and brownouts to better empower people to respond in real time. A gateway software device is installed by EnerNOC at the premises of its customer to track connectivity and energy assets all throughout the day. An automated program cuts the power consumption of the consumer when a brownout happens, energy prices increase and demand reaches its peak.