An optical imaging technique called optical coherence tomography (OCT) is providing solutions to the medical diagnostic industry, including early detection of cancer as well as prevention of heart attacks and blindness. Unlike the ultrasound, the OCT is a real-time imaging technique relies on light to obtain better resolution. The sample is directed with low coherence infrared light during a test. The reflections intensity is determined and contrasted to a reference beam to come up with the samples high resolution images. The OCT does not require direct contact with the sample since the device can be utilized externally or internally. In ophthalmology, early diagnoses of eye diseases are possible with quantitative information that OCT can offer. Thus, treatment can be introduced before any physical symptom arises or total blindness happens. OCT also has the potential for other research applications that have yet to be introduced in the market. For example, OCT is being used for imaging degenerating cartilage in joints as well as early detection of tooth decay. Cancer research is another area where OCT is being used. OCT is being used by researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to assist doctors in breast cancer detection and treatment. There is also an effort to get rid of surgical biopsies with the help of OCT because it offers quick and painless in situ images of tissues. Also, researchers are also combining OCT with other technologies such as 3D to get better imaging resolutions.