A discussion is provided of the ways in which nanotechnology helps make gene analysis a truly high-throughput method. The genetic information network is complex, but quantitative PCR can screen only up to four to six genes per assay. Among the many techniques for global gene expression profiling, the DNA microarray has become the most widely used approach. DNA microarrays permit massively parallel gene expression analysis on one microchip, and the technique permits molecular biologists to analyze every gene present in a genome. Label detection is a crucial determinant of sensitivity, and organic fluorescent dyes are commonly used, but have such limitations such as photobleaching and discrete excitation bands. Quantum dots are attractive for biolabeling because they offer a broad excitation spectrum, narrow and accurately tunable emission, and better signal brightness. Their colors also can be easily changed, and they can be attached to many types of biomolecules. However, only 12 colors can be used in the light-emitting range of 400-850nm. Researchers, after working with a method devised by a group at Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) and Emory University, leveraged the tremendous multiplexing capability of the method to increase genomics and high-throughput screening knowledge. They achieved 12 intensity levels for each color quantum dot and found that assaying genes is simple with the method. The advantages of the nanobarcode microbead system are described. The nanobarcode system provides an attractive alternative to conventional genetic analysis tools and promises to be a key biotechnology platform.