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LAAS OpenPRS, Evolution's ERSP, and Whitebox Robotics 914 PC-BOT are highlighted in a discussion of frameworks and commercial off the shelf (COTS) hardware that ease creation of robots for practical applications. A common framework supporting multiple robots has a modular structure in which one robot handles its own sensors and controls, but communicates with other entities in the system, including other robots, human managers, and computer coordinates. Rule- or behavior-based systems appear to be the result of past robotics research, and a fully open source approach is Open Procedural Reasoning System (OpenPRS or OPRS). Some research projects have OPRS applications, and OPRS, and it is in some commercial products, including those of FrontLine Robotics. The OPRS mode can support development or production, and command line and X-Windows interfaces offer a debugging environment. The OPRS Server does the work and is built on the multi-threaded OPRS kernel. OPRS deals with goal seeking and planning. A non-OPRS-based system is the commercial ERSP solution from Evolution, which is behavior-based and is used in many research and commercial robotic products using vision. Vision systems are often needed in robots, and they need considerable processing power and storage capacity. Easing such requirements are trends toward use of mobile processing power and also flash memory storage. Among topics covered are maps and navigation, hard platforms, vendor Web sites, and equipping robots for rough terrain.
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