In-Q-Tel, a CIA-backed venture group, and Motorola Ventures, the venture capital unit of Motorola, have announced approximately $6 million in investments in A4Vision, which is a provider of 3D facial-scanning and -recognition software and hardware. A4Vision and In-Q-Tel will work together to develop technology that will be for the benefit of the CIA and the wider technology market, says CEO Grant Evans of A4Vision. Biometrics are being positioned as a crucial technology in the U.S. Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology program. The program requires use of technology to improve tracking of foreigners who enter and leave the U.S. Biometric technology is used throughout the federal government. Three-dimensional facial recognition software could prove more accurate results than 2D and will be effective where finger or iris scanning is not practical. However, says an expert, video surveillance environment with facial recognition requires highly specific lighting and facial poses. A data challenge also exists because most image files are 2D, so that comparisons are difficult. One solution could be the use of 2.5D methods of comparison of 2D images in current database with synthesized 3D images. The French Civil Aviation Authority contends that 3D biometric technology is almost up to the challenges. The airport at Lyon in France has used A4Vision's 3D facial-imaging and -recognition systems to create security for hundreds of pilots, mechanics, and other employees who have access to secure tarmac, and has plans to extend usage to thousands more.