Tenfold's Enterprise Tenfold, Novell's Extend, and Oracle's Oracle JBuilder are among rapid application development (RAD) tools that streamline and ease Web development. Jeff Walker, founder of Tenfold, says the process of proceeding by identifying requirements is ineffective because the requirements agreed upon usually do not match up with those that people want. Time spent determining useless requirements is time wasted. However, a new type of RAD tool gives developers genuine enterprise-power results. More simplified products can give more people the ability to create applications, and vendors are trying to reduce the trade-off that has existed as to how extensively far applications created can be customized and where they can run. Such tools as Macromedia ColdFusion and Novell Extend permit users with more general IT skills to create browser-based applications and Web services, and to deploy them on Java 2 Enterprise Edition server, without having to write Java code. Extend allows users to visually link data to create back-end services from existing applications and data sources. A spokesman for Novell says Extend attempts to take the best from JSP and Web portal experts so that any generalist can use the tool. JBuilder includes the PHP script language and the Oracle PL/SQL language, in addition to Oracle Application Framework. Oracle's spokesman say the code generated is pure J2EE code. At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the OAD development frameworks in Oracle JDeveloper were used to make developers more productive while constructing the Lab's Enterprise Workbench.