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A discussion of 3D machine vision notes that 2D simplification, stereo camera, and structured light approaches cannot actually acquire 3D data. Throughput constraints are also encountered with scanning laser systems that lead to slow performance and need motors and mirrors that add bulk, cost, and maintenance requirements to an overall system. Acquisition of depth data from a single sensor substantially eases work required to locate the target object in a 3D space. Depth data are primary and the result of direct measurements. Therefore they eliminate tasks related to derivation or calculation of depth passed on a series of other measurements. Simplicity of development, deployment, and maintenance is possible, because the solutions are electronic-perception-based. Single-chip integration subsystems reduce the difficulty of designing an embedded architecture, and depth measurement by electronic perception is unaffected by target texture or color. Electronic perception technology is promising as the foundation for more intelligent sensors for object detection, bin picking, conveyor profiling, materials sorting, and logistics operations. Advantages could be in the areas of throughput, robustness, line flexibility, maintenance, and deployment speed.
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