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Spam is quickly choking off the benefits of e-mail by costing consumers and enterprises time and money dealing with hardware, software, maintenance, administration, migration, downtime, and training costs. Microsoft's Penny Black research project is the business's attempt to deal with spam by incorporating caller ID for e-mail and using DNS to filter messages from forged addresses. Eric Allman, author of Sendmail, proposes that enterprises put something into SMTP that requires identification before e-mails can be sent through. Allman thinks that an Internet-wide standard domain- authentication mechanism is a dream solution that likely will not be able to be achieved. Bill Warner, developer of the Wildfire voice system, believes in a challenge-response server to eliminate incoming spam, as well as a specific group that checks on identity and abuse. Eric Hahn, chair of spam-filtering products business Proofpoint, sees a new environment in which e-mail becomes XML- encapsulated metadata. Ray Ozzie, creator of Lotus Notes, says that e-mail should look to instant messaging as a new paradigm to deal with communications. Dave Winer, contributor to the RSS standard for online content syndication, says that RSS should be part of the solution. Entrepreneur Brewster Kahle thinks that stiffer punishment should await spammers.
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