Microsoft Office and Hummingbird's Hummingbird DM and Hummingbird Imaging are among products and vendors highlighted in a discussion of the vertical nature of content management installations. Spokespeople for various users describe their implementations, and John Blossom, president of Shore Communications, points out that all content management installations are vertical because there is no such thing as an all-purpose corporate implementation. Three vertical content management scenarios in the legal, pharmaceutical, and utility industries are described. Each of the three has unique requirements based on volume of documents produced and industry- specific needs. Berlex, a pharmaceutical company, chose Documentum to build a vertical content system that would put paper notebooks in electronic format, in order to comply with government regulations and to be able to track research and development information to protect patents and intellectual property (IP). Microsoft Office is the front end, and a menu was added to the Office applications to allow scientists to write and track experiments online via an electronic notebook. Utility Public Service Company of New Mexico chose Hummingbird DM to build a system that manages a huge repository of paper documents. Hummingbird DM provides document management, while Hummingbird Imaging handles scanning and management of paper document files. The system has continued to scale to the needs of users. A legal firm that needed to automate online client information chose Plumtree, which partnered with LexisNexis.